Rationalism

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Direction of rationalism was, one might say, the most important step in the development of new ideas for the interior design, its tasks and functions. The term rationalism (from the Latin rationalis - «reasonable") is not able to fully describe the importance and bright phenomenon, the meaning of which is not only the feasibility, reasonableness and rationality. Rationalism is not a style, and direction, as it was aimed only at the architecture and interior design. In different countries, architects, and designers in the design of rationalist thought the most important space.

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Rationalism appeared in Russia in 1920. One of the founders of the national architectural design, a famous Russian architect and a pioneer of the early XX century Ladovsky, which is also a great teacher, Russian rationalist credo expressed in the following way: "Architecture - the art, operating space ... space, though, and appears in all the arts, but only architecture enables the correct reading space ... space, and not a stone - material architecture ... ". Great attention is paid to the development Ladovsky perception of three-dimensional structures in their students. He was the first in the international practice, who developed the "psychoanalytic method" of teaching. Ladovsky claimed, "architect conceiving a particular structure, above all, must build the space, not interested in the material and design. The basic principle of the designer - to invest a minimum of material and get the maximum result. "

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The ancestor of the direction of rationalism in the West as the great American architect and designer Frank Lloyd Wright. He founded his own over, called organic architecture. Organic architecture, being an independent author's method, encompasses all of the major rationalist principles. At the same time, she also became the beginning, and the classics of Western rationalism. The great American architect, said: "The space should be considered as architecture, otherwise we will not have the architecture." It took a long time and did not realize at home in the United States. Frank Lloyd Wright was in isolation, as in America in the early XX century as the main method of work used an eclectic, so best practices Wright were not evaluated properly. As recalled by Bruno Taut, even mentioning the name of Wright was indecent. But functionalists and rationalists in Europe took his ideas immediately and justly regarded him as a teacher.

Epoha form design (creation of a designer - the beginning - middle of XX century)

Rationalism (early - mid XX century).

The epoch formation of the design.