​Neoclassicism

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Neoclassicism - an aesthetic movement in art and architecture, which prevailed in Europe in the late XVIII - early XIX century, and which is inherent appeal to the traditions of art of antiquity, the Renaissance art and classicism.

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General characteristics of the neo-classical

Neoclassicism as aesthetic direction and architectural style is defined appeal to antiquity, which they had taken from him prior classicism. In short, neo-classicism - a modern at the time completion of classicism.

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The distinguishing features are the neoclassical elegance, lightness and straightness. Neoclassicism - the antithesis of Art Nouveau, which was too full of decorative elements.

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The main features of the neoclassical style:

elegance, lightness, straightness;
reliance on the classics and ancient system of an order;
strict proportions, minimum decoration, the desire for a sophisticated color scheme;
introduction to the architecture and decor of Egyptian motifs;
compliance with classic proportions, the desire for comfort and harmony;
light, elegant furniture;
colors: bright, soft colors: gold, blue, beige, brown;
generous, but not excessive decor;
departure from classical conservatism.

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Story neoclassical

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Neoclassicism - the direction of European art from the late 18th - early 19th century.

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Emerged in the second half of the XVIII century. Replaced the Rococo. Reliance on strict proportions, minimum decoration, the desire for a sophisticated color scheme. Had continued in the beginning of XIX century Empire style that arose due to objective historical reasons, rejected all too luxurious, excessive embellishment, supporting the latest liberal trends and anticipating the creation of a new empire of Napoleon. Coincided with the campaign in Egypt, and is characterized by a broad introduction to the architecture and decor of Egyptian motifs.

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The most prominent neoclassical architects in Britain were Robert Adam, John Nash and John Soane. Although their work and reminded of the building, which were built in Helsinki, St. Petersburg, Berlin, Paris and Rome, the famous master of the unusual and original approach. Robert Adam (1728-92) was one of the pioneers of neo-classicism in the UK, look for inspiration in the ancient architectural ensembles of Rome, Pompeii and Etruria. He studied interior design, bringing to them the ease and grace. Adam paid attention to every detail of the interior decoration of the ceiling, fireplaces, doors and even the door handles to the wall color and pattern carpets. He was not only an architect, but also one of the first interior designers.

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One of the first architects of neoclassicism in France was Claude Nicolas Ledoux (1736-1806), whose work, though created under the influence of antiquity, were modernist in its simplified structure. A similar approach can be seen in many buildings neoclassicism, built in France after living in the country became quiet channel after the revolution in 1789.

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In Germany, the most famous architect of neoclassicism is Karl Friedrich Schinkel (1781 -1841), advisor to the King of Prussia architecture. Free from unnecessary decoration, its buildings, made in Greek style, is a creative interpretation of classicism and functionally adequate to perform tasks of the architect. Two typical buildings Schinkel in Berlin - A new guard (1816) and the Old Museum (1823-30).

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In France, in the style of Neoclassicism emerged Louis XVI, Regency, Directoire and Empire, in England - the style of Adam Heppluayta and Sheraton in the furniture business.

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Particular style of Neoclassicism

Although the neoclassical style was based on the classical, he still has some differences from its predecessor. So, are the hallmarks of neo-classical elegance, lightness and straightness. It should also be noted that neoclassicism - the antithesis of Art Nouveau, which was too full of decorations and looked gorgeous, but a little pretentious. Classic - is the support of the new style, known as neoclassicism. And neoclassicism was based on the ancient system of an order and it shows adherence to the ancient rule that it should be noted, were built the Egyptian pyramids, the golden section.

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For it is inherent appeal to antiquity, with its light, graceful straight lines. Typical decorations - leaves, shells, architectural gables.

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Furniture in neoclassicism easy, elegant, and with straight lines. Furniture very typical direct forms, slightly tapering legs. A distinctive feature of the furniture, made in the style of neo-classicism, is a light, perfectly combined with gentle tones and creates a harmonious picture of the whole room decor. It should be noted that during the filling space in the style of neo-classicism, is selected only the most essential piece of furniture. Because of this, do not create the sensation of awkwardness and massiveness, but, on the contrary, the room is filled with ease, sophistication and atmosphere of warmth and comfort. It should be noted that the apparent lack of interior compensated by their high functionality. In addition, all interior items are easy to use. The most commonly used pieces of furniture in the neoclassical style - a small coffee tables, chairs, sofas, cupboards with glass and mirror glass windows. Perfectly fit into the interior design, office secretary or cylinders. Make furniture of fine wood highlight, best of all - a noble mahogany with porcelain inserts. 

Neoclassicism - a solemn and luxury, and through stained glass and mirror to create a visual sense of grandeur and space expansion space. The interior is almost always present huge arched mirrors, decorated with gold leaf in the form of flower garlands. High mirrors, starting almost from the floor, creating the illusion of a labyrinth, and also given the fact that they revealed a refined interior of the rooms. During the filling of space master this style tries to get away from the massive supersaturated design of the interior, trying to reflect all of the same ancient form, but more quickly and easily, sometimes just in two or in mild (shallow) relief, which gave the whole interior a refined, sophisticated look. 

The walls in the neoclassicism or painted in pastel colors, or hang wallpaper with strict classic pattern. It is also interesting use of fabric for the walls - was in fashion finish with drapery in the manner of Roman and Greek tunics. Mirror and stained glass creates a visual extension of space, luxurious and grand. 

Flooring in the neoclassical style flooring is made of wood, creating an even greater sense of warmth, comfort and convenience. As in the Empire style, parquet in the neoclassical style - this is not just some kind of floor covering, and a work of art. It uses rare woods. This, above all, oak, rosewood, ebony, mahogany, and many others. They were taken from a distance. Permitted the carpet on the floor as decoration. 

Stucco decoration is a high ceiling, transports visitors to this room for a few hundred years ago at the luxurious palaces, which were imperial receptions and balls.

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The color palette is dominated by neo-classical light gentle colors: gold, blue, gray, brown. To decorate the corners, handles, locks used elegant bronze finish. Widely used wood, preferably red tree with porcelain inserts.

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The design of curtains neoclassical main part is a semicircular pelmet, draped folds, in combination with bibs (two oblique cut to pieces of fabric with sloping or stepped lower edge). Curtains sewn from heavy dense silk rectangular. Cornices adorn strong thread.

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Small bronze sculptures for decoration - as a sign of neoclassicism. Bronze ware of the gold and glitter in common with dim glow of gilded frames hung on the wall paintings. Painting is preferable to other ancient and monumental scenes like the scene of battle.

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Since antiquity opened for us a material such as marble, neoclassicism also welcomes the material in the interior. Of course, not in the form of marble columns, as in the ancient Greek temples (although it is a matter of available space), and, say, a marble sculpture. Quite a luxury option - creating a marble fireplace in the living room, decorated with gilt bronze figures or fireplace for hours. 

A completion of the interior in the style of neoclassicism are excellent fixtures with gorgeous shades. It should be noted that the lampshades made from the finest fabrics pastel colors, so that the room is filled with an atmosphere of warmth, comfort and noble luxury. Chandeliers for Sale in the neoclassical style most often made of crystal. These lamps create a sense of solemnity and grandeur. And all things together - it is an excellent ensemble, filling the room atmosphere of warmth, comfort, noble luxury, excellence, splendor and solemnity. 

The interior in the style of neoclassicism met all the classic proportions - the furniture is located along the walls, the center of the room is noticeable detail, whether it be a coffee table or a wooden support for flowers. Any plant successfully combined with interior design. 

In neoclassical ornamentalistike curl again become powerful and advanced. Inherent in Baroque and Rococo crest disappears, but actively using different sculptural forms - acanthus leaves, palmety, laurel wreaths, various alloy socket and reliefs. Curl is quite active in the composition pattern, but the intricacy of compounds inherent in Renaissance, Baroque and Rococo - absent. Curl is sometimes a rectangular - tune meander and sometimes meander becomes rounded, consisting of a series of curls - curls consonant other compositions. Figure neoclassical lacked clarity and relative simplicity of the geometry, the presence of good amplitude thickness elements, ie, a combination of active and fine thick fine lines, including in the composition a lot of relief sculptural forms. Military attributes almost never occurs. Gradually the trend of simplicity and clarity, drawing geometric lines leads to Empire.